Microdiscectomy

Microdiscectomy – Treatment of Lumbar Herniated Disc

Pax Medicus connects patients with experienced spinal surgeons who specialise in microdiscectomy – a minimally invasive procedure designed to treat lumbar herniated discs. This surgery removes disc material that is pressing on nerve roots, alleviating pain, improving mobility, and promoting quicker recovery compared to traditional open surgery methods.

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What is an Intervertebral Disc?

Intervertebral discs are located between the vertebrae and allow movement while also absorbing the forces acting on the spine. Each disc consists of:

  • Nucleus pulposus: A gel-like centre that provides elasticity.
  • Annulus fibrosus: The outer ring that holds the disc in place, providing resistance to pressure and stretching.

How Does a Herniated Disc Develop?

A herniated disc occurs when the nucleus pulposus protrudes towards the annulus fibrosus, and the herniation can progress through three stages:

  • Protrusion: The disc bulges without disrupting the annulus fibrosus.
  • Extrusion: The nucleus pulposus pushes through the annulus fibrosus.
  • Sequestration: The disc material completely breaks through, causing compression of nearby structures like the nerve roots or spinal cord.

What Are the Symptoms of a Herniated Disc?

The main symptoms of a herniated disc are caused by nerve compression and may include:

  • Back pain or pain radiating to the limbs
  • Numbness or tingling sensations
  • Worsening pain with physical activity, coughing, or sneezing
  • Increased pain when sitting, compared to standing

What Are the Causes of a Herniated Disc?

Several factors contribute to the development of a herniated disc, including:

  • Obesity: Increases pressure on the lumbar spine.
  • Frequent heavy lifting: Causes stress on the spine and discs.
  • Aging: Natural degeneration of intervertebral discs.
  • Smoking: Accelerates disc degeneration.

How is a Herniated Disc Diagnosed?

Diagnosis of a herniated disc involves imaging tests:

  • X-ray: Evaluates bony structures to rule out fractures, infections, or tumours.
  • MRI: The gold standard for visualising soft tissues, revealing the size, location, and impact of the herniated disc.

What Does the Treatment of a Herniated Disc Involve?

The first-line treatment for a herniated disc is conservative (non-surgical), focusing on:

  • Resting and avoiding heavy lifting
  • Taking prescribed pain relief medications
  • Physical therapy to strengthen muscles and improve spinal stability
  • In some cases, glucocorticoid injections to reduce inflammation and alleviate nerve root compression

Incision

1–2 cm (minimally invasive)

Procedure duration

~1 hour

Anaesthesia

General

What Are the Benefits of Microdiscectomy?

  • Minimal tissue disruption
  • Reduced pain and recovery time compared to traditional open surgery
  • Smaller incision, resulting in less scarring
  • Faster return to work and daily activities

Your journey step by step

Consultation

Examination & MRI review

Treatment plan

Conservative vs surgical options

Surgery

Microdiscectomy via small incision

Recovery

Early mobilisation & short stay

Follow-up care

Rehabilitation & progress review

Follow-up care

Rehabilitation & progress review

What is the Recovery Process After Microdiscectomy?

The first-line treatment for a herniated disc is conservative (non-surgical), focusing on:

  • Return home within 24 hours after surgery
  • Begin early mobilisation to aid recovery
  • Avoid bending, twisting, and heavy lifting for 4–6 weeks to reduce stress on the spine
  • Return to work within two weeks, with full recovery taking up to six weeks

Regular physiotherapy and rehabilitation play an important role in the recovery process.

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Disclaimer
*The Pax Medicus website provides information for guidance only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Pax Medicus does not provide healthcare services and is not a substitute for consultation with a qualified medical professional. Always seek advice from your physician regarding any medical condition. Prices shown are indicative only and subject to confirmation by the healthcare provider. This is the official website of Pax Medicus; we do not operate through agents or third-party sites.

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